Fruit Pest News
Volume 10, No. 10 June 18, 2009
An online newsletter whose goal is to provide all interested persons with timely information on diseases and insects of commercial fruit and vegetable crops in Tennessee.
Text appearing in blue or red can be clicked to link to other web sites. Be aware that much of the linked information is produced in other states and may not be applicable to Tennessee.
In This Issue:
1. Recent first reports for the year
2. Status of Cucurbit Downy Mildew
3. Esteem Ant Bait Expanded Crop Uses
4. Danitol 2.4 EC Spray FIFRA Section 2 (ee) Recommendation
5. New Vegetable and Strawberry Insect Website from Canada
6. Strawberry Nurseries Are Not Always to Blame for Anthracnose
7. Pheromone Trap Catches
1. Recent first reports for the year
Anthracnose in strawberry; gummy stem blight and Cercospora leaf spot in cantaloupe; tomato spotted wilt virus from home garden tomato; and Japanese beetles on grapes.
2. Status of Cucurbit Downy Mildew
Downy mildew is popping up in areas to the south and east of Tennessee. See map: http://nc-climate.ncsu.edu/cucurbit/map.php. The sites are some distance from TN, but not so far that air currents couldn't bring us spores without the need for "hop-scotching." They could move here in one weather event. The most recent forecast does not extend beyond Thursday. Keep an eye on the forecasts, which are issued every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday. The current hot spell does not protect your cucurbits from this disease, as it is quite heat-tolerant.
The use of specialized downy mildew fungicides is not recommended until we are under high risk of infection from a spore transport event, or the disease has been found in the field or in the community (That's why we need to let others know when we find or think we find the disease). Until then, use chlorothalonil or mancozeb to protect your crop against this and other fungal diseases. (SB)
3. Esteem Ant Bait Expanded Crop Uses
A supplemental label for Esteem Ant
Bait (pyriproxyfen) adds new crops to the Esteem Ant Bait label (for imported fire
ants and other listed ants). Some of the new crops added included berries (raspberries,
blackberry, blueberry, huckleberry, elderberry, current, gooseberry, etc.), bulb
vegetables, cereal grains (wheat, barley, oats etc.), legume vegetables, root and
tuber vegetables (beet, carrot, ginseng, horseradish, radish, turnip, sweet potato,
potato etc.), cranberry, and peanuts.
Esteem Ant Bait should be applied in
the early Spring or Summer at the first sign of ant activity. Avoid application
if rain is expected within 4 to 6 hours. Do not water treated area for 24 hours
after application. In the event of prolonged rains after initial treatment, reapplication
may be necessary. A second application of Esteem Ant Bait may be advisable after
12 to 16 weeks in areas of heavy infestations, or when the mounds remain active,
or when a reinfestation occurs. In large mounds, some worker ants may persist even
though the queen is dead. After 14 days, it may be desireable to apply a registered
ant insecticide to kill any remaining foraging ants. (FH)
4. Danitol 2.4 EC
Spray FIFRA Section 2 (ee) Recommendation
Plum curculio, green June beetle,
Japanese beetle, and tarnished plant bug have been added to stone fruit on the Danitol
2.4 EC Spray label as a FIFRA Section 2(ee) Recommendation. The product use rates
are 10-2/3 to 21-1/3 fl oz/acre. It is generally recommended that no more than
two applications be made per season as part of a reistance managment program. Use
non-pyrethroid products at other timings to control pests. This 2 (ee) Recommendation
is for distribution and use only within the states of AL, CT, DE, GA, IL, KY, MA,
MD, MI, NC, NJ, OH, PA, SC, TN, VA, WI, and WV. (FH)
5. New Vegetable and Strawberry
Website from Canada
While this new website is out of Ontario, it should still
have good information on pest identification keys and distinguishing between look-alike
species according to Dr. Darrell Hensley in our department's What's Happening Newsletter
(June 5, 2009). This website targets integrated pest management for brassicas, cucurbits,
peppers, sweet corn, tomatoes, and strawberries. Check it out at: http://www.ontario.ca/cropIPM.
(FH)
6. Strawberry Nurseries Are Not Always to Blame for Anthracnose
Our first report of strawberry anthracnose in TN this year (to my knowledge) was received this week. Coming at the tail end of the season, about 9 months after planting, it is not likely that the source of the inoculum was the transplants. This fungus has a fairly wide host range, and can enter a field from hosts in the surrounding areas.
Finding anthracnose does not doom the field from being used for strawberries this fall if the grower does a good job of incorporating the plant debris into the soil immediately after harvest and fumigates before planting in the fall. Finding it, however, should relieve you of any temptation you may have had about carrying the field over, as this should not be done if anthracnose is present. (SB)
7. Pheromone Trap Catches and Biofixes (FH)
Nashville (Davidson
County) Pheromone Trap Catches for 2009
Oriental fruit moth (OFM), redbanded leafroller
(RBLR), obliquebanded leafroller (OBLR), codling moth (CM), grape berry moth (GBM),
variegated leafroller (VLR), black cutworm (BCW), diamondback moth (DBM), armyworm
(AW), beet armyworm (BAW), squash vine borer (SVB), fall armyworm (FAW)
| OFM | RBLR | OBLR | CM | GBM | VLR | BCW | DBM | AW | CL | BAW | SVB | FAW | |
|
3-13 (Put out RBLR trap) |
-- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| 3-20 | -- | 29* | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| 3-23 | -- | 14 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
|
3-30 (put out BCW trap) |
-- | 9 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
|
3-31 (put out OFM, CM, VLR, OBLR traps) |
-- | 10 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| 4-2 | 4** | 2 | 0 | 0 | -- | 0 | 0 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
|
4-3 (put out AW trap) |
-- | -- | -- | -- | |||||||||
|
4-8 (put out GBM, DBM, BAW, FAW, SVB, CL traps) |
12 | 19 | 0 | 0 | -- | 0 | 2 | -- | 4 | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| 4-13 | 9 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 4*** | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 4-20 | 4 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 4-27 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 5-4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 5-11 | 0 | 0 | 4**** | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 5-18 | 5 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 5-21 | 3 | 12 | 23 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 5-26 | 7 | 29 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 6-1 | 7 | 96 | 38 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 6-10 | 10 | 4 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 6-15 | 3 | 2 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
* Biofix for RBLR in Davidson County estimated as prior to March 20 (trap not
out early enough).
**Biofix for OFM in Davidson County was April 2.
***Biofix
for GBM in Davidson County was April 13.
****Biofix for OBLR in Davidson County
was May 11.
Putnam County Pheromone trap Catches for 2009
Tufted Apple Bud Moth (TABM)
| OFM | RBLR | OBLR | CM | VLR | TABM | |
| 3-16 | -- | 10* | -- | -- | 0 | -- |
| 3-18 | -- | 31 | -- | -- | 0 | -- |
| 3-20 | -- | 2 | -- | -- | 0 | -- |
| 3-23 | -- | 2 | -- | -- | 0 | -- |
| 3-25 | -- | 0 | -- | -- | 0 | -- |
| 3-27 | -- | 6 | -- | -- | 0 | -- |
| 3-30 | -- | 11 | -- | -- | 0 | -- |
|
4-1 (put out OBLR, TABM traps) |
||||||
| 4-3 | -- | 10 | 0 | -- | 0 | 0 |
|
4-10 (put out OFM trap) |
-- | 11 | 0 | -- | 0 | 0 |
| 4-13 | 4 | 3 | 0 | -- | 0 | 0 |
|
4-17 (put out CM trap) |
12 | 9 | 0 | -- | 0 | 0 |
| 4-20 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 2** | 0 | 0 |
| 4-22 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 4-24 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2*** |
| 4-27 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 5-1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 5-8 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 14 |
| 5-15 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 |
| 5-18 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 12 |
| 5-22 | 5 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22 |
| 5-25 | 2 | 16 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 |
| 5-29 | 0 | 30 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 6 |
*Biofix for RBLR in Putnam County estimated as prior to March 16 (trap not out
early enough).
**Biofix for CM in Putnam County was April 20.
.**Biofix for
TABM in Putnam County was April 24.
Obion County Pheromone Trap Catches for 2009
| VLR | RBLR | OBLR | CM | |
| 5-1 | 3* | -- | -- | -- |
| 5-12 | 42 | -- | -- | -- |
| 6-1 (Note: missing data [--] prior to June) | 14 | 22 | 2 | 0 |
*Biofix for VLR in Obion County was May 1.
The Fruit Pest News URL is: http://web.utk.edu/~extepp/fpn/fpn.htm
Contacts:
Steve Bost, Professor and Extension Plant Pathologist
Frank Hale, Professor and Extension Entomologist
Both authors available at:
615-832-6802
fax 615-781-2568
Soil, Plant and Pest Center
5201 Marchant Drive
Nashville, TN 37211
Copyright 2009 The University of Tennessee. All rights reserved. This document may be reproduced and distributed for nonprofit educational purposes provided that credit is given to University of Tennessee Extension.
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